| Code | Description |
| State NM: Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) | Species the state finds to be of greatest conservation need, as identified and focused upon within each state's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy, per Congressional guidelines. SGCN are indicative of the diversity of and health of the state's wildlife, including low and declining populations and and species of high recreational, economic or charismatic value. |
| Federal: Endangered | "ENDANGERED SPECIES" means any species which is in danger of
extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range other
than a species of the Class Insecta determined by the Secretary of the
Interior to constitute a pest whose protection under the provisions of
this Endangered Species Act of 1973 would present an overwhelming and
overriding risk to man. |
| Federal: Threatened | "THREATENED SPECIES" means any species which is likely to become an
endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
significant portion of its range, according to the Endangered Species
Act of 1973. |
| Federal: T & E by Similar Appearance | The Secretary of the Interior may, by regulation of commerce or
taking, and to the extent he deems advisable, treat any species as an
endangered species or threatened species even though it is not listed
pursuant to section 4 of the Endangered Species Act, if he finds that:
A) such species so closely resembles in appearance, at the point in
question, a species which has been listed pursuant to such section
that enforcement personnel would have substantial difficulty in
attempting to differentiate between the listed and unlisted species;
B) the effect of this substantial difficulty is an additional threat
to an endangered or threatened species; and C) such treatment of an
unlisted species will substantially facilitate the enforcement and
further the policy of the Endangered Species Act. |
| Federal: Warranted/Precluded | It has been determined that listing of this species/subspecies is
warranted, though precluded by other actions (e.g., Lesser Prairie
Chicken, Boreal Toad). |
| Federal: Proposed | Taxa that are already Federally Proposed to be listed as endangered or
threatened by the Fish and Wildlife Service as listed in the Federal
Register, Department of the Interior. PE = Taxa already proposed to be
listed as endangered. PT = Taxa already proposed to be listed as
threatened. |
| Federal: Candidate | MARCH 1996: The USFWS changed listing status of Federal Candidate
species. The classification used to include Categories 1, 2, and 3.
This code (106) represented Federal Candidate Category 1 listing.
There is no longer a "Category" designation. Only FORMER Category 1
species are considered Federal Candidates now. FORMER Categories 2 and
3 are not considered Federal Candidate species any longer and do not
have any Federal protection under this listing, though may have other
federal or state designated protection. See status codes 107 and 108
for definitions.
OLD DEFINITION FOR CATEGORY 1 FEDERAL CANDIDATES: Taxa for which the
Fish and Wildlife Service has on file sufficient information on
biological vulnerability and threat(s) to support proposals to list
them as endangered or threatened species. Proposed rules have not yet
been issued because this action is precluded at present by other
listing activity. |
| Federal: FWS Species of Concern | "Species of Concern" include those for which further biological
research and field study are needed to resolve their conservation
status. Species of concern have no legal protection under the
Endangered Species Act, however, the USFWS is concerned and would
appreciate receiving any status information that is available or
gathered on these species. |
| Federal: FORMER Candidate (C3) | MARCH 1996: The USFWS changed listing status of Federal Candidate
species. The classification used to include Categories 1, 2, and 3.
This code (108) represented Federal Candidate Category 3 listing.
There is no longer a "Category" designation. Only FORMER Category 1
species are considered Federal Candidates now. FORMER Categories 2 and
3 are not considered Federal Candidate species any longer and do not
have any Federal protection under this listing, though may have other
federal or state designated protection. See status codes 106 and 107
for definitions.
OLD DEFINITION OF CATEGORY 3 FED. CANDIDATE LISTING; NOT VALID NOW
(3/96) Taxa that once were considered for listing as threatened or
endangered (in the Federal Register, by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service) but are no longer under such consideration, are included in
Category 3. Taxa in category 3 are not current candidates for listing.
Such taxa are further divided into THREE SUBCATEGORIES to indicate the
reason(s) for their removal from consideration: 1) 3A: Taxa for which
the Service has persuasive evidence of extinction; 2) 3B: Names that,
on the basis of current taxonomic understanding (usually as
represented in published revisions and monographs), do not represent
distinct taxa metting the Act's definition of "species"; 3) 3C: Taxa
that have proven to be more abundant or widespread than previously
believed and/or those that are not subject to any identifiable threat. |
| CITES Appendix I (Import & Export Permit) | US Fish and Wildlife Service CITES (Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) listing. Import and
Export Permits are required for this species/subspecies. |
| CITES Appendix II (Export Permit Req.) | US Fish and Wildlife Service CITES (Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) listing. Export permit
only required for this species/subspecies. |
| Federal: Recovery Plan Approved | The Secretary of the Interior shall develop and implement plans
(hereinafter in this subsection referred to as 'recovery plans') for
the conservation and survival of endangered species and threatened
species listed pursuant to this section, unless he finds that such a
plan will not promote the conservation of the species. The Secretary,
in development and implementing recovery plans, shall, to the maximum
extent practicable - incorporate in each plan:
1) a description of such site-specific management actions as may be
necessary to achieve the plan's goal for the conservation and survival
of the species; 2) objective, measurable criteria which, when met,
would result in a determination, in accordance with the provisions of
this section, that the species be removed from the list; and 3)
estimates of the time required and the cost to carry out those
measures needed to achieve the plan's goal and to achieve intermediate
steps toward that goal. |
| Federal: Critical Hab. Designated (NM) | Critical Habitat is designated in New Mexico. "Critical Habitat" for a
threatened or endangered species means - the specific areas within the
geographical area occupied by the species, at the time it is listed in
accordance with the provisions of section 4 of this Act, on which are
found those physical or biological features 1) essential to the
conservation of the species and 2) which may require special
management considerations or protection. |
| Federal: Critical Hab. Designated (AZ) | Critical Habitat is designated in Arizona. "Critical Habitat" for a
threatened or endangered species means - the specific areas within the
geographical area occupied by the species, at the time it is listed in
accordance with the provisions of section 4 of this Act, on which are
found those physical or biological features 1) essential to the
conservation of the species and 2) which may require special
management considerations or protection. |
| Federal: Conservation Agreement Exists | A Federal Conservation Agreement Exists either in final or draft form. |
| Federal: Delisted | This species was once listed as Federal Endangered or Federal
Threatened and was removed from that listing designation. |
| Federal: Migratory Bird Treaty Act | Species are protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C.
703-711) and subject to the regulations on migratory birds contained
in the subchapter B of title 50 CFR, Federal Register, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. The species are protected by the Convention for the
Protection of Migratory Birds, August 16, 1916, United States-Great
Britain (on behalf of Canada), 39 Stat. 1702, T.S. No. 628; the
Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds and Game Mammals,
February 7, 1936, United States-Mexico, 50 Stat. 1311, T.S. No. 912;
the Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds and Birds in
Danger of Extinction, and Their Environment, March 4, 1972, United
States-Japan, 25 U.S.T. 3329, T.I.A.S. No. 7990; and the Convention
for the Conservation of Migratory Birds and Their Environment, United
States-U.S.S.R., November 26, 1976, 92 Stat. 3110, T.I.A.S. 9073, 16
U.S.C. 703, 712. |
| USFS Sensitive: Region 3 (NM,AZ) | United States Forest Service Region 3 includes National Forests and
Grasslands in New Mexico, Arizona, (a few grasslands in extreme
western Oklahoma), and Texas; (Colorado is in Region 2). |
| BLM Sensitive: NM State Office (NMSO) | |
| Mexico: Endangered | |
| Mexico: Threatened | |
| Mexico: See Comments | |
| State NM: Endangered | As used in the Wildlife Conservation Act [17-2-37 to 17-2-46 NMSA (New
Mexico Statutes Annotated) 1978]: "ENDANGERED SPECIES" "formerly
called `Group 1'" means any species of fish or wildlife whose
prospects of survival or recruitment within the state are in jeopardy
due to any of the following factors:
1) the present or threatened destruction, modification or curtailment
of its habitat; 2) overutilization for scientific, commericial or
sporting purposes; 3) the effect of disease or predation; 4) other
natural or man-made factors affecting its prospects of survival or
recruitment within the state; or 5) any combination of the foregoing
factors. |
| State NM: Threatened | As defined in the Wildlife Conservation Act [17-2-37 to 17-2-46 NMSA
(New Mexico Statutes Annotated) 1978]: "THREATENED SPECIES" "formerly
called `Group 2' means any species that is likely to become an
endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
significant portion of its range in New Mexico; the term may also
include any species of fish and wildlife appearing on the United
States list of endangered native and foreign fish and wildlife as set
forth in Section 4 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 as threatened
species, provided that the commission adopts the list in whole or in
part. |
| State NM: Restricted | Restricted species means any listed large exotic cat species or
subspecies. It is unlawful for any person to take, possess, transport,
export, sell or offer for sale or ship any threatened or endangered
species or subspecies, or any restricted species. New Mexico
Administrative Code 19.33.1. |
| State NM: Delisted | This species was once listed as state Endangered, Threatened, or Restricted under the Wildlife Conservation Act [17-2-37 to 17-2-46 NMSA (New Mexico Statutes Annotated) 1978], and was removed from that listing designation by the State Game Commission. |
| State NM: Provides limited protection | Limited protection is provided these taxa under New Mexico Statutes
Annotated: 17-2-38, 17-3-1, 17-3-26 and 17-5-5. Primarily protected
from take by non-residents without the appropriate license or permit,
and take as commercial bait fish. New Mexico extant, accidental and a
few native extirpated taxa are coded. Taxa possible but not recorded
in New Mexico are not included but may be protected by statute if
found in the state. |
| State NM: Provides full protection | Protection is provided these taxa under New Mexico Statutes Annotated:
17-2-3, 17-2-4, 17-2-13, 17-2-14, 17-2-15, 17-2-16, 17-2-38, 17-2-41,
and 17-5-2; and New Mexico Administrative Code Title 19 Chapters 31,
32 and 33. The appropriate license or permit is required to take these
taxa. New Mexico extant, accidental and native extirpated taxa are
included. Taxa possible but not recorded in NM are not included
although they may be protected by statute if found in the state. The
New Mexico State Game Commission has the authority to control take of
these taxa via licenses, seasons, bag limits and permits. |
| State NM: Sensitive taxa (informal) | Taxa which, in the opinion of a qualified NMDGF biologist, deserve
special consideration in management and planning, and are NOT listed
threatened or endangered by the state of New Mexico. These may include taxa that are listed threatened, endangered or sensitive by other agencies; taxa with limited protection; and taxa without any legal protection. The intent of this category is to alert land managers to the need for caution in management where these taxa may be affected.
Where the Department lacks inhouse expertise, the opinion of a
recognized authority for the taxa will be used. |
| State NM: Endemic to New Mexico | Species or subspecies which are endemic to New Mexico (i.e., taxa
which do not occur outside of the state of NM). |
| State NM: Harvested Fish | Species generally harvested in New Mexico under state fishing license.
Refer to current proclamation for season, bag limit and license
specifics. See also NM Statutes Annotated 17-2-3 Protected wildlife
species and game fish defined; 17-2-4 bullfrogs classed as protected
species; and NM Administrative Code 19.31.4 Fisheries. Taxa which are
extant or accidental in NM are included. Taxa which may possibly occur
but have not been verified in NM are not included, although they may
be protected game fish if found in the state. |
| State NM: Harvested Big Game | Species normally harvested in NM as Big Game. Refer to current
proclamation for season, bag limit and license specifics. See also:
New Mexico Statutes Annotated 17-2-3 Protected wildlife and game fish
defined; and New Mexico Administrative Code 19.31.8 Big Game. Taxa
which are extant or accidental in NM are included. Taxa which may
possibly occur but have not been verified in NM are not included,
although they may be protected Big Game if found in the state. |
| State NM: Harvested furbearers | Species normally harvested in NM as Furbearers. Refer to current
proclamation for season, bag limits and license specifics. See also:
New Mexico Statutes Annotated 17-5-2 Fur-bearing and nongame animals
defined; and New Mexico Administrative Code 19.32.1 Trapping and
Furbearers. |
| State NM: Not a Game Species | Informal designation. Taxa not managed in NM as a game species. |
| State NM: Not protected by State of NM | Taxa which are afforded no protection against take by the State of New
Mexico under Chapter 17 NMSA. Taxa may be protected by federal law
such as Bird Treaty Act, federal Endangered Species Act, etc. Taxa are
considered extant or accidental in NM. Taxa considered possible but
not recorded in the state are not included. |
| State NM: Harvested Small Game & Waterfowl | Species normally harvested in NM as small game or waterfowl. Refer to
current proclamation for season, bag limit, and license requirement
specifics. See also: New Mexico Statutes Annotated 17-2-3 Protected
wildlife species and game fish defined; and New Mexico Administrative
Code 19.31.5 upland game and 19.31.6 waterfowl. Taxa which are extant
or accidental in NM are included. Taxa which are possible but have not
been verified are not included, although they may be protected small
game if found in the state. |
| State NM: Harvest: Sm. Gm. Lic. & Duck Stamp | Species harvested in NM, "Small Game Hunting License and Federal
Waterfowl Stamp" required; refer to current proclamation for
specifics. |
| State NM: Regulated - Falconry | New Mexico Statutes 17-1-14 and 17-1-26 NMSA 1978 provide that the New
Mexico State Game Commission has the authority to establish rules and
regulations that it may deem necessary to carry out the purpose of
Chapter 17 NMSA 1978 and all other acts pertaining to protected
species. Falconry in covered by 19.35.1 NMAC. Species permitted for
use in Falconry are adopted by Policy of the Department of Game and
Fish (19.35.1.8.2 NMAC). |
| State NM: Harvest: Fed. Mig. Bird Permit | A Federal Migratory bird permit is required to hunt these species.
This is seperate from a federal duck stamp. |
| State NM: See Comments | |
| State AZ: FORMER STATUS; Endangered | |
| State AZ: FORMER STATUS; Threatened | |
| State AZ: FORMER STATUS; Candidate | |
| State AZ: See Comments | |
| State AZ: Species of Special Concern | |
| State UT: Endangered | |
| State UT: Threatened | |
| State UT: Special Concern/Conservation Taxa | |
| State UT: See Comments | |
| State OK: State Endangered Species | |
| State OK: State Threatened Species | |
| State OK: Category 1: Special Concern Species | |
| State OK: Category 2: Special Concern Species | |
| State OK: See Comments | |
| State TX: State Endangered Species | |
| State TX: State Threatened Species | |
| State TX: Species Extinct/Extirpated | |
| State TX: See Comments | |
| State CO: Endangered | A species in immediate jeopardy of becoming extinct throughout all or
a significant portion of its range. |
| State CO: Threatened | An animal that is not in immediate jeopardy of extinction but is
vulnerable because it exists in small numbers or is so extremely
restricted throughout all or a significant portion of its range that
it may become endangered. |
| State CO: Special Concern Species | |
| State CO: Extirpated | An animal that no longer exists in the wild in its historical habitat,
but still exists elsewhere. |
| State CO: See Comments | |
| USFS Sensitive: Region 2 (CO) | United State Forest Service Region 2 includes National Forests in
Colorado. See code 143 for USFS Region 3 which includes National
Forests and Grasslands in New Mexico, Arizona, (a few grasslands in
extreme western Oklahoma), and Texas. |
| Migratory: Seasonal movement | |
| Neotropical Migrant: All Winter S. of U.S. | |
| Neotropical Migrant: Some Winter S. of U.S. | |
| Neotropical Migrant: Winters in mature tropical forests | These species overwinter in mature tropical forests. These species are
ones that tend to shun disturbance, but may do well in second-growth
tropical forest, edges, or woodlots. Unfortunately, however,
deforestation in the tropics rarely leads to such habitats, but rather
to vast expanses of overgrazed pastures, canefields, and the like.
Reference:
Erlich, Paul, David S. Dobkin, and Darryl Wheye. 1988. The Birder's
Handbook: A Field Guide to the Natural History of North American Birds,
New York: Simon and Schuster. |
| TRADITIONAL CULTURAL IMPORTANCE | |
| Apache Tribes: Cultural Importance | |
| Navajo Tribes: Cultural Importance | |
| Navajo Tribes: Extirpated (G1) | "Extirpated" (Group 1) (i.e., extinct within part of a species range)-Those
species or subspecies that no longer occur on the Navajo Nation. |
| Navajo Tribes: Endangered (G2) | "Endangered" (Group 2) - Any species or subspecies which is in danger of
being eliminated from all or a significant portion of its range on the
Navajo Nation. |
| Navajo Tribes: Threatened (G3) | "Threatened" (Group 3) - Any species or subspecies which is likely to become
endangered within the foreseeable future, throughout all or a significant
portion of its range on the Navajo Nation. |
| Navajo Tribes: Candidate (G4) | "Candidate" (Group 4) - Any species or subspecies for which the Navajo Fish
& Wildlife Department does not currently have sufficient information to
support their listing as G2 or G3 but has reason to consider them. The NF&WD
is actively seeking information to determine if they warrant inclusion in a
different group or removal from the list. They are not protected under
Tribal Code but should be considered in project planning. |
| Pueblo Tribes: Cultural Importance | |
| Hispanic: Cultural Importance | |
| HERITAGE RANKING | |
| Heritage Global: Very Rare/Critically Imperiled (G1) | Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer
occurrences or very few remaining individuals or acres) or because of
some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. |
| Heritage Global: Rare/Imperiled (G2) | Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 to 20 occurrences or few
remaining individuals or acres) or because of some factor(s) making it
very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range. |
| Heritage Global: Uncommon or Restricted (G3) | Either very rare and local throughout its range or found locally (even
abundantly at some of its locations) in a restricted range (i.e.,the
Mogollon Plateau, NM) or because of other factors making it vulnerable
to extinction throughout its range; in terms of occurrences, in the
range of 21 to 100. |
| Heritage Global: Apparently Secure (G4) | Apparently secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of
its range, especially at the periphery. |
| Heritage Global: Demonstrably Secure (G5) | Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of
its range, especially at the periphery. |
| Heritage Global: Status Unknown (G?) | |
| Heritage NM: Critically Imperiled in NM (S1) | Critically imperiled in New Mexico because of extreme rarity (5 or
fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals or acres) or
because of some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to
extirpation from the state. |
| Heritage NM: Imperiled in NM (S2) | Imperiled in New Mexico because of rarity (6 to 20 occurrences or few
remaining individuals or acres) or because of some factor(s) making it
very vulnerable to extirpation from the state. |
| Heritage NM: Rare or Uncommon in NM (S3) | Rare or uncommon in New Mexico (on the order of 21 to 100
occurrences). |
| Heritage NM: Apparently Secure in NM (S4) | Apparently secure in New Mexico, with many occurrences. |
| Heritage NM: Demonstrably Secure in NM (S5) | Demonstrably secure in New Mexico and essentially ineradicable under
present conditions. |
| Heritage NM: Status Unknown in NM (S?) | |
| Heritage AZ: Very Rare in AZ (S1) | Very rare in Arizona: 1 to 5 occurrences in the State or very few
individuals or acres within the state. |
| Heritage AZ: Rare in AZ (S2) | Rare in Arizona: 6 to 20 occurrences in the State or few individuals
or acres within the state. |
| Heritage AZ: Uncommon or Restricted in AZ (S3) | Uncommon or restricted in Arizona: 21 to 50 occurrences and found over
a rather wide range within the State.
Fairly common in Arizona: 51 to 100 occurrencees and found over a
rather wide range within the State. |
| Heritage AZ: Apparently Secure in AZ (S4) | Apparently secure in Arizona: more than 100 occurrences within the
State, though it could be quite rare in some parts of the State. |
| Heritage AZ: Demonstrably Secure in AZ (S5) | Demonstrably secure in Arizona: more than 100 occurrences within AZ. |
| Heritage AZ: Fairly Common (S3S4) | Fairly Common: 51 to 100 occurrences and found over a rather wide
range within the State. |
| Heritage AZ: Status Unknown in AZ (S?) | |
| Heritage Ranking: Taxon Tracked by Heritage Program | Data is being actively accumulated and entered into computerized and
manual files. |
| Heritage Ranking: See comments | |
| See Comments | |
| Federal: Nonessential Experimental Population | The term experimental population, as used in the context of the Endangered Species Act (ESA), means an introduced and/or designated population (including any offspring arising solely therefrom) that has been so designated, at such times as the population is wholly separate geographically from nonexperimental populations of the same species. Before authorizing release of any experimental population, the Secretary of Interior must determine that the release will further the conservation of the species, and whether or not such a population in essential to the continued existence of the species. For a nonessential experimental population (NEP), Federal agencies are not required to enter into consultation for activities that may impact the NEP, except on National Wildlife Refuges or National Park Service units. For the purposes of enforcing provisions against take of species listed under ESA, NEPs are treated as Threatened. Intentional take such as shooting or harassment are not permitted. Special rules may be developed for NEPs that allow take of the species under specified situations. Critical habitat may not be designated for NEPs. |
| State NM: Recovery Plan Approved | Recovery plan means a designated program or methodology reasonably expected to lead to restoration and maintenance of a species and its habitat. To the extent practicable, a recovery plan shall be developed for any species listed as threatened or endangered under the New Mexico Wildlife Conservation Act. To the extent practicable, the director shall develop recovery plans that include several threatened or endangered species that utilize similar habitats or share a common threat or both. A multiple-species recovery plan shall be designed to accomplish recovery of a shared habitat or reduce a common threat or both. The final recovery plan shall be presented to the Commission for its consideration no later than two years from the date the species was listed. If the Commission determines that the proposed plan has achieved objectives stated within the Wildlife Conservation Act, it shall approve the recovery plan or approve with conditions. After approval, the director shall seek cooperation with other states and countries, when appropriate, and landowners, state and federal agencies and local and tribal governments for implementation of the recovery plan. |
| Heritage NM: Presumed Extirpated (SX) | |
| Heritage NM: Possibly Extirpated (SH) | |
| Heritage NM: Unranked (SNR) | |
